The South After Defeat in the Civil War
85Back-woods Southern cabin with chimney fire and girl at well
The Regular Folk Return Home
The real story of the immediate post-war South can best be told by the people themselves: their voices come from the humble, fatherless cabins, and the mightiest ravaged plantations.
A few weeks after the close of the Civil War, a train conductor with a lay-over for unloading in the city of Wilmington, N.C. noticed a small boy and girl approaching. They asked the man for something to eat while explaining that their father had fallen on some far-away battlefield and their mother and grand mama were ill. The conductor gave them all the bread and meat they could carry and after the childrens' profuse thanks watched as they walked away to their little cabin near the train yards.
On returning a couple of months later, the railroad conductor on inquiring was saddened to be told the family had starved to death. Whether the poor childrens' father fell in the Western Hemisphere's biggest recorded battle at Gettysburg; or America’s bloodiest single day in history at the battle of Antietam, this heart-breaking incident could speak for thousands of other families in a defeated, burnt, and devastated South.
The Southern soldiers returning home after defeat, if there was one to return to, had varying, but sadly similar accounts to record. One young soldier who was passing through the sixty mile wide swath of destruction left by Sherman’s soldiers and bummers in their march through Georgia and the Carolinas recorded, “... a desolated land. Every village and station we stopped at presented an array of ruined walls and chimneys standing useless and solitary.”
In contrast sharpshooter Barry Benson returned to an Augusta, Georgia spared much of the pillage and destruction but under Federal military control. Few areas of the South except parts of the mountains, swamps and woodlands, had escaped battles, armies, or cavalry raids.
Outside of the towns, pine forests alternated with abandoned crop fields, livestock was confiscated or dead, shops closed or destroyed, farm implements and canals useless. With starvation looming over many, despair and melancholy reigned supreme.
In the ruins of the bigger cities, lines of “sickly-faced women, jaundiced old men and children in rags, with here and there a seedy gentleman who had seen better days, or a stately female in faded apparel…whom the war had reduced to want,” stood their turn for any Federal hand-outs.
Returning non-combatants traveling back to their homes recorded the pitiable journey. One daughter and her mother recalled, “ We were never out of the sight of dead things, and the stench was almost unbearable. Dead horses along the way and, here and there, a leg or an arm sticking out of a hastily made too shallow grave….No living thing was left.” It had made a difference that most of the sanguinary war had occurred in the Southern states.
In opposition to these sad tales, one private soldier returning home to Lincoln County in central North Carolina had kept in mind down to the last detail a fine two-story home he'd seen in Virgina. Working and saving he soon had enough to purchase a small plot of land. Here he built his dream house and eventually acquired the extra acreage to have a large farm with crops and cattle he sold in the market stalls of the closest town.
The home and farm remain in the family to this day. Beginning in the late nine-teen sixties, a ditch near the stately house that was used as a trash/refuse pit, became an archeological treasure trove of nine- tenth century southern farm artifacts. Everything from childrens' marbles to household implements have been discovered and in many cases placed in museums.
Northern Soldiers Admiring Southern Belle
The Upper-Class Return Home
Mary Boykin Chesnut is famous for her Civil War diaries. Initially released in 1905 they went on after further entry discoveries to win the Pulitzer Prize for history in 1982. The diary is described as a "vivid picture of a society in the throes of it's life and death struggle." Mrs. Chesnut came from the upper levels of the southern planter aristocracy, but the book covers all social ranks in Southern society.
When Mary Chesnut returned from Richmond, Va. to her home in Camden, S.C. after the end of the war, she came back to a ravaged ruin. Anything of value had been destroyed or taken. Federal troops had even burned the small amount of cotton reserves the family was counting on for their livelihood. The land was all that remained but was heavily weighted down by taxes the family had no way of paying. At night, after all the days business and chores had been taken care of, vivid memories came flooding back. She wrote to a friend,"There are nights here with the moonlight, cold & ghastly, and the screech owls alone disturbing the silence when I could tear my hair & cry aloud for all that is passed & gone." All that was left was,"lavender and pressed-rose memories."
General Wade Hampton, scion of a prominent South Carolina family, returned to his home outside Columbia, only to discover there was no home. His property near totally destroyed and he with a $1.75 in his pocket. Hampton, whose son Preston had died in his arms on the field of battle was not the worst off by far. Many were totally destitute with every male of fighting age dead. The General, however, strongly desired a return to the past and above all, vindication.
When General Robert Hoke- who bore a striking resemblance to and was considered by many Robert E. Lee's protege- road into his home-town of Lincolnton, N.C. things were largely the same; fallow and useless fields; train-rails and bridges in tatters; factories, shops and stores stock- less or boarded up. The once mighty Hoke family enterprises ravaged or burnt by Stoneman's cavalry raid.
Yet Hoke returned home with hope. According to one chronicler, "His hero heart remained unconquered and unconquerable." Unwilling to live in the squalor of defeat the general quickly hitched his mule"Old Joe" to the plow and began to make the crops on the Hoke family land. He went on from there to high leader-ship positions in industry. It was to take the South forty years for the per capita income to reach the level it was at the start of the war. It would take the South sixty years to reach the level of wealth it had in 1860.
Rebel Veterans
Pride
Oh I'm a good ole Rebel, now that's just what I am, for this fair land of freedom I do not give a damn, I'm glad I fit against it, I only wish we'd won, and I don't ask no pardon for nothin that I done. I hates the Yankee nation and everything they do, I hates the Declaration of Independence too, I hates the glorious union tis dripping with our blood , I hates their striped banner, I fit it all I could. I hates the glorious union with all her brag and fuss, and the lying thieving Yankees I hates em wuss and wuss. I followed ole Marse Robert for four years near about, got wounded in three places and starved at Pint Lookout, and I caught the rheumatism a campin in the snow, but I killed a bunch of Yankees and I wish I'd killed some more. Three hundred thousand Yankees lie still in southern dust, we got three hundred thousand before they conquered us, they died of southern fever and southern steel and shot, and I wish it was three million instead of what we got. I can't take up my musket and fight em now no more, but I ain't gonna love em and that is certain sure, and I don't want no pardon for what I was and am, and I won't be reconstructed and I don't give a damn. Rebel Folk Song
Blue & Gray Vets Shake Hands
Reconciliation
In 1913 on the 50th anniversary of the Battle of Gettysburg; a reunion, with some 53,000 veterans from both sides, came together in peace on their former field of battle. "never before in the world's history [had] so great a number of men so advanced in years been assembled under field conditions." Despite concerns of unpleasant differences, the aged soldiers found camaraderie.
Perhaps the speech by then president Woodrow Wilson says it best," We have found one another again as brothers and comrades in arms, enemies no longer, generous friends rather, our battles long past, the quarrel forgotten- except that we should not forget the splendid valor." The high point of the reconciliation came when the survivors of whats known as Pickett's Charge walked the long field to shake hands with the old union defenders at the famous stonewall. At least for many of the war's veterans, closure had come at last.
2012-alastar-packer.hubpages.com
vote upvote downshareprintflag
- Useful (15)
- Funny
- Awesome (16)
- Beautiful (9)
- Interesting (11)
This is a very interesting and informative piece on the south after the Civil War. I had read and seen the movie "Gone with the Wind" and that was my vision of southern life, but this has added to that lore. I didn't know about Mary Chestnut and her diaries or of her winning the Pulitzer Prize for History. That is so awesome and interesting. Thanks again for an informative history lesson!
Fascinating. How sad that we had to have a war to settle things amounst us. There seems to a division still here many years later that can be felt by many. I have alwaays felt for the innocent ones caught up in this war. I often wondered how they survived after it was all over. Up, interesting and awesome.
Another fascinating hub Alastar! I like the depth of knowledge you have, as well as your passion for the subject. I ALWAYS learn more about history when you present these articles. Thank you for sharing.
This hub was so powerful and written with much sensitivity for the terrible carnage of life and financial ruin and starvation that so many suffered during the civil war.
The one thing that I never heard of before was the 50th anniversary of the battle of Gettysburg and that Woodrow Wilson quote.
As a northerner who has grown to love the south, it pains my heart that so many suffered so much yet it is amazing that half a decade later some of the veterans of both sides actually returned to the battlefield for reconciliation.
You did a great job on this hub and I voted it up across the board except for funny.
Another good one from you Alastar! Reading that Rebel song explains why we (primarily my brothers who were only 9 and 11 years of age at the time) were labeled as "damn yankees" when we moved from Wisconsin to south Texas in 1960. Emotions were still running high. My dad had to go back to Wisconsin to finish some business and we even had our living room window shot with a BB gun. Fortunately it did not hit anything important, but the glass had to be changed. It was quite a "welcome" to the south.
I doubt that it would be that bad this many years later...at least I hope not. That was quite an eye opener for us. Yes, the Civil War left some deep scars!
Voted up, useful, interesting and will share. All of your historical hubs are worth sharing with others!
alastar, i've done a few historical hubs to date. The one that pops in my head is one of "Catal Hoyuk"
you're welcome, Alastar. I'm a big fan of history!
Well done writing with very interesting comments following. I grew up in Virginia and South Carolina, lived a little bit in Tennessee and now live in Georgia. My father was a history teacher and I love history. I'm always fascinated with the many ways the Civil War is viewed and by the passion it still stirs in nearly everyone in the South, especially. (My heart was pounding as I read.) Of course there are always many sides to any conflict and it's never easy to share them all since we all view history the same way we view life - with a bias. I'm going to look for Mary Chestnut's diary.
Thanks for the enlightening, informative and entertaining hub about the south after the civil war. I felt like I was there experiencing the "smell of death" and the devastating loss, although I don't think I can really fully imagine what that might have been like. I understand better now. Thanks AP.
very interesting hub, alastar and voted as such. i really enjoyed the perspective you brought to this hub!
Your hub brings up a couple of things often overlooked about the Civil War (and wars in general). First of all, there is the toll it takes on the civilian population, particularly with those who live in the areas where the fighting took place. Since it has been so long since Americans have experienced any fighting on their home soil, it's easy for many to have a blase attitude toward war. It's different for those who have experienced it so directly.
Second, it is easy to often see the South as the bad guy, which tends to make people less sympathetic toward the Southern civilian population. But like all of us, they were often just people trying to survive. And while their pre-Civil War social system was seriously flawed, this did not make them all bad.
You're already in my circle, big guy! :) As for the pic..thanks, but I sort of don't like it. I was hoping the angle wouldn't show my scarring from cancer surgery 2 years ago, but.....oh well. It's the way I look now, so I'm kind of getting used to it. And I guess I have to face the whole aging thing. LOL Be seeing ya in the circle!
Hi Alastar! I just clicked on the Like and +1 button. I've made it a point to start doing that when I like an article or think it's got an important message. I even wrote a hub about us authors and readers taking care of each other. Just wanted to let you know, I'm making sure of taking my own advice! Excellent as always.
I'm trying to make a point to go back and read more of your work. As a Southerner, I've alway felt bad because I don't know as much as I should about the Civil War. Your Hubs like this one, will make me understand that war better. i voted this UP, etc.etc.
Alastar, this is an awesome piece! You truly are a gifted writer. I love learning history in this manner - learning and being entertained at the same time. I tried my best to teach like that! This hub hit home for me. My great-great grandparents had a plantation in SC. Have you read my hub about the Gullah people? I rarely ask other hubbers to read any of my hubs, but I really think you'll find this one interesting! Voted your hub up and clicked all the adjectives!
hey Ken...lol...I do have a certain sense of keen-nes in regards to history. Hence the Bachelors and Master degrees in the subject. I am firmly ready for (some) topics on Jeopardy and am in a position to win the occasional bar bet...that being said...I have nothing on your ability to deliver the goods to the reader in the form of fine historical writing. Quid pro qou? Nah, we just like each other's stuff, I think.
I have seen pictures of the ravaged skyline (for lack of a better term) of Richmond a few months after the war ended. The picture I am remembering had a solitary Union soldier standing guard (over the Tredegar Iron Works...which was also totally trashed. Again (and as always) you have brought the past to life. So...are you really Ken Burns back there...?
Had to come back to this great hub. Made me cry in parts I sometimes forget what ´hell´people go through when war is on their doorstep.
Thank you again
There are amazing things about South Africa......I enjoyed Alastar packer hubs.That is a great story from a Great Huber.
Reconciliation rules forever.
I am Jackie.
Fascinating story, I'm going to have to show this to my son who is a Civil War buff.
I assume you are kidding me?
I have a book I plan to dive into tonight "The North Carolina Experience and I think it takes place from Indians to past the Civil War, including the "Great Depression" I know. I can't wait! NC is such a historical place.
This is an amazing piece of work, my friend. This is history as it should be—fascinating and clear-eyed. You are a fine writer. Thank you for this pleasure.
...well remember that great song by the Band (one of my favorites; just saw Scorcese's The Last Waltz the other night for about the 10th time) The Night they drove old dixie down - I've always had a fascination with the American civil war and loved Ken Burns' PBS documentary so this hub is another classic by you and I love how much you respect history too - as it is truly a labor of love by you when you write - and it shows - a little favor - please check out fellow hubber - D. TROTH - she has one you will love called JOHN WAYNE: a short but true story
Alastar, this is a wonderful hub. It's a shame that we don't focus more on the after effects of war. Maybe if we understood better the suffering people endured we'd find more civilized ways to solve problems instead of resorting to war. I guess in some instances there isn't much of a choice. I never read Mrs. Chestnut's diaries but I'm intrigued and will have to now. Thanks for the great hub!
Melanin is an adaptation to environment.
Alastar, a brother in arms, a consummate historian. I collected Ken Burns "the Civil War" and remember ms. Chesnut's account as described in her diaries. I found some old film documenting the 1913 Gettyburg reunion. The true of the war and the horrendous casulties and deprivation was well documented in the Burns documentary. I wait with baited breath your plans to do a hub on the African American involvement in the Civil War. I have always been very interested in the conflict and follow historians religiously, like I am going to follow you. Best regards, Cred2
Wow that was an impressive read. You put a lot of hard work into this one and it has paid off. As a boy there was a bubble gum sold in shops that would come with cards each of a page in a newspaper telling of what was happening that day during the American Civil War. I collected these cards and kept them under my pillow and would read them over and over again. I am not sure why I was so attracted to reading about that conflict but I was. General Stonewall Jackson help particular appeal. Strange isn't it?
l love history and the Civil War is fascinating and sad.Loved this hub Thank you
Good hub, thanks for this story.
I'm a Civil War nut. My now deceased father-in-law was one of the founding members of the Knights of the Civil War Roundtable. I've spent hundreds of hours tramping over the Gettysburg fields. It's like a second home to me. Love this hub!
Your article is very moving and well written. I don't think a lot of people are aware of the massive destruction of property and the starvation of many people not only in the south which was the hardest hit, but in other battle states. I was not aware of the 1913 reconciliation and was pleased to see the reconciliation of two sides was successful. Now I'm off to read about the Southern Belle...
He's originally from Philadelphia...lol...and then was a Southern boy - spent years in Jacksonville, FL. He is very protective, but he knows, as I do, that we could never find a better thing than we have in each other. :-)
It is beautiful in the north, I must say! And, what a handsome feller you are! ;-) No worries, my hubby would certainly not be jealous or uncomfortable that I have said so!
Alaster, completely unrelated to the hub....is that YOU in your avatar?
Dude- you did it again. before i go on and forget; if you don't already have it, find a CD called 'white mansions'- you'll be glad you did. my character Caleb's name came from that album. get back to me if you need more info.
Great piece of writing here Alastar. i can never get enough. this is your arena- ur safety zone- don't ever stop with this series. think of publishing when you gather enough articles.
i despise war, but yet am amazed at this last European style of war to ever be fought on the planet- (the type practiced by Napoleon/Wellington etc)
One of the first mistakes for the ultimate loss suffered by the south was the fact that cotton was withheld from Europe for the 1st year of the war.
in my opinion, england would have joined the cause as well as france early on despite the fact that they themselves abandoned slavery and this was an issue that concerned the two dominant european powers greatly.
England found cotton to be readily grown in India and king cotton reigned no longer- the squeeze didn't work- backfired. would be allies sat and waited. the south had the yanks by the coconuts- should have defeated the bastards.
my thoughts drift to writing a piece of fiction with the outcome in favor of the rebs.
funny thing is- this war was actually an ancient conflict stemming from great britain itself. not so much brother against brother but northern and southern english conflicts transported here from centuries past there.
States rights and the individuals independent spirit are well illustrated in this song. like it much.
hell alistar you and i could have met on that field- or been comrades- perhaps some of our ancestral relations did... my family fought the Brits in the French Indian war- the Brits again in the revolution- then the civil war- ww1 ww2- Korea and Vietnam- now have a nephew overseas in the middle east. how did i ever come out of this hating war-... easy my pseudo big brother/best friend was killed in Vietnam 1969- 3 weeks after he arrived. wrote a dialogue on it here at hp. the other side- the Italians kicked the world's ass 2 millennium ago- and the Scandinavian ancestors (vikings) spread terror from Europe to Russia. my blood is thick including Native American- Algonquin blood.
my sympathies headed south along with my heart after moving to and schooling in Alabama.
gotta go bro- write on!
greg
Oh at one time you could not have told the difference, but he can at other times sound like other people, but I think the Elvis is in his natural he listened to Elvis at such a young age with his mother being so Elvis crazy, lol. Yes others do say so. I can't wait to make him do some more of the ones I really liked, but a perfect world was one of them. Would you believe he cannot read or write music and he can play almost if not every instrument there is, just give him one for a day and he could I am sure. Thank you.
There are some really interesting things about the south and NC for sure, Jackie Lynnley's story here about Black Bard was really different, it was about the only black poet who wrote while enslaved and he did his 1st two books before he could write! He had someone write them for him, but he was the strangest sounding slave, almost like a Hippie. Really weird and I am loving finding these stories. And I have so much else I need to be doing! Keep up the good work.
" You know Will, I used to think the liberals were kinda peace-loving but from the propaganda on places like FB...why, it's some of the most vicious stuff I've ever seen."
When I first became involved in internet political stuff after 9-11, I was very naive. I still pictured the left as flower children left over from the 60's...sort of goofy, but basically nice people.
I was stunned to learn they hate all sorts of things. They hate conservatives, they hate the South, they hate Jews and Israel, they hate the rich, they hate corporations, they hate Christianity, they hate traditional America, they hate guns, they hate the military, they hate FOXNews, they hate talk radio, they hate McDonalds, they hate energy, they hate successful people, they hate the cops, they hate the unborn, and they hate it when anyone points all that out.
Well done. The entire South suffered greatly after the war, and still does today. I don't understand why the far left so despises the South.
Hi, war is such a sensless thing, and some people fall, and others pick themselves up and become something, amazing how the both sides came together after all those years, but what a good closure, thanks for the history, as an English woman I don't know the ins and outs of the war, but this was fascinating, cheers nell
Hi! Tarheel
I enjoy reading your stories on American history, Excellent Hub! Canook
You seem to hit all my spots. I have a friend who runs a pawn shop and lives in Camden and I drive through Linconton on my way to Hickory to see the grandkids. History is everywhere. I must look up the Battle of Buford since I passed the monument today on my way out to plant watermelons! Another good one, AP!
you make history most enjoyable to read! again-you've written a great story! keep them coming Alastar
Alastar, this one had me enthralled. I am a history buff anyway and the tragedy of that war still fascinates and causes me to feel for the innocent ones caught up in it. You told it well and the song is a great addition.
Your writing skills are being put to the test and emerging great and honed!
Hahaha! You're a lover of all women, just like my husband. I love men like you!
Shoot, I've haven't had an eighteen inch waist since I was in second grade! I got fat in the fifth grade and never looked back! ;-) But, I'm okay with that!
hehe....I have a little of Scarlett in me, I must admit. I'd like that 18" waist of hers, but I don't think that's gonna happen.
That's right, Mister...You'd best get to reading! ;-)
That again, my friend. "...as we all live in one land, let us all live as one people." Beautiful as well.
This was beautiful and awesome. It also gives me a much greater understanding of something. Years ago on vacation in Tennessee, we visited an Antebellum mansion and Confederate cemetery. We were reading some things while we toured the mansion and listening to the guide, and I realized that I was actually afraid to speak (I got a Yankee accent no one could miss). Even now, I fear, there's a division between north and south that will never be healed. How stupid we've been in our history. And, how sad that actually is. This hub is most definitely voted UP!
Thank you Alastar for sharing this great story.








































Alastar Packer Hub Author 3 weeks ago
Gone With the Wind is of course a great movie- but it really is an idealized take on the planter aristocracy wrapped around a soap opera. Not much in common with the brutal reality of the majority common folk . Thank you for checking this story out and commenting Suzette. Oh yes, Mary Chesnut's diaries are the preeminent look at life in the South during the war and right after, well deserved Pulitzer Prize. And she didn't just write on the generals, politicos and upper-class, but all social ranks in the South including the African-Americans. A most remarkable read and outstanding diarist.